单项选择题 下列哪项不是肝硬化患者腹水的生成原因（）

单项选择题 根据下列文章,请回答 23～30 题。 Exercising Your Memory 1 Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it happen by letting your mind go．2 That’s not to say that memory doesn’t change throughout life．Researchers divide memory into categories based on the Length of time when memories are stored．One system divides it up as short—term(1ess than one minute；Remembering a telephone number while you dial，for instance)，long-term(over a period of years)and very long-term memory(over a lifetime)．3 Short．term memory isn’t mastered until about age 7．but after that you never lose it．Long-term memory, however，involves more effort and skill and changes more through life．It's not until the early teens(十几岁)that most people develop a mature long—term memory．4 First，we must get information into our heads through learning．Learning strategies can get rusty(生锈的)without constant use．High school and college students，who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities(at least long—term enough to get them through a final exam)，usually do well on memory tests．The longer you stay in school。the more chance you get to polish your learning skills．It's no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life．5 Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active reading，discussing，taking classes，thinking——and those who do not．Giving the brain a daily workout(锻炼)is just as important as exercising your muscles．Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape，and this helps your memory to function at full capacity．6 The next part of a healthy long—term memory is retention(记忆力)，the ability to store what you have learned．Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost——whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up，or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages．7 The third necessity for memory is recall。the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored．Again。while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people。research indicates that the older we get，the longer it takes to recall facts．But slower recall is still recall．In fact．aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all．which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people． 第 23 题 Paragraph 3__________

单项选择题 根据短文回答 36～40 题。 Technology Transfer in Germany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit.Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-afte technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not wit, hour its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, which plays the greatest role in technology transfer.Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today', there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia. 第 36 题 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?（ ）A．Technology transferB．Good managementC．Hard work.D．Fierce competition